Areas subject to subsidence and uplift 

Our technique is largely used for the monitoring of subsidence or uplift, whether by natural failure (e.g. karst limestone cavity collapses) or from man-made activities (e.g. extraction of water/gas/oil/metals or minerals). Subsidence and uplift are of increasing concern to local, regional and national governments because of the potential liabilities associated with failure.

A long-term approach is needed for protecting the public and the infrastructure on which it relies. Our technique is particularly suited to continuous monitoring of urban subsidence whether it is applied over large areas or to a few individual structures or buildings. The availability of a historic database, from 1992 forward, makes it possible to reconstruct the dynamics of movement in an area.

New Orleans (USA)		Tokyo (Japan)